The Four Things You Need to Know to Purchase an Ozone Generator

There are a number of crucial points you need to know prior to you can buy an ozone generator. Before explaining, nevertheless, it is essential to keep in mind that we are discussing corona discharge kind ozone generators. These are one of the most essential sort of commercial/industrial ozone generators. There are various other types of ozone generators, however non corona discharge systems are mostly for usage in small range applications, producing usually much less than half an extra pound per day or much less than 10 grams per hour of ozone.

This post will certainly assess the crucial choice aspects and how it connects to different applications for ozone and also the influence on the expense of an ozone generator.

The key aspects consist of:

1. Outcome: This is just how much ozone the equipment makes, generally estimated in grams per hour or pounds daily.

2. Concentration: Ozone can be generated at various concentrations varying from 1-12 weight percent. The concentration of ozone has an impact on a lot of applications and likewise affects machine output.

3. Gas Feed: you need to have a resource of feed gas containing oxygen, there are 3 selections: dry air, oxygen concentrated from air or purchased oxygen (either as liquid oxygen (LOX) or compressed oxygen in cylinders).

4. Generator Cooling: Ozone generator produce warmth that has to be removed, the choices for removing this warmth are air cooling or water air conditioning.

Picking the proper combination of functions depends highly on the application. As an example, in water treatment applications higher focus of ozone are made use of while in air treatment applications lower focus can be picked.

Ozone Generator Output

This is one of the most vital factor in choosing an ozone generator. The amount of ozone needed is based on the application requirements. If the ozone is being made use of for removal of natural impurities from water, the amount of ozone is proportional for natural in the water, the efficiency of the ozone natural response as well as the efficiency of dissolving the ozone right into the water.

As a certain example, ozone is commonly used to minimize chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water. COD is determined in ppm (milligrams per litre – mg/l). It normally takes 2 mg of ozone per mg of COD to remove the COD. So, if we had to treat 10,000 litres per hr of water containing 50 ppm of COD we would need:

10,000 liters/hour X 50 mg/l COD x 2 mg Ozone/mg COD = 1,000,000 mg/hour

 

1,000,000 mg/hour = 1,000 g/hour = 1 kg/hour

So, we would need to dissolve 1 kg/h of ozone (or 52.8 extra pounds each day of ozone).

Less than 100% of the ozone infused in the water dissolves, so we require to understand the ozone transfer effectiveness. A well designed venturi injection system can liquify at the very least 90% of the ozone. For the instance over, you would certainly need 1 kg/h ÷ 0.90 = 1.11 kg/h (58.7 extra pounds per day of ozone). This is the amount of ozone we would have to create at the targeted focus to liquify the 1 kg/h of ozone right into water.

Important: An offered system will create much less ozone as the concentration of ozone rises. Ozone transfer effectiveness, the price at which ozone liquifies right into water boosts with increasing ozone concentration. Both variables will figure out the last size of the machine needed.

Determining the quantity of ozone needed, except for the simplest applications, needs research laboratory or pilot research studies combined with a design assessment to choose the proper balance in between ozone dosage, concentration and generator size. Usually, an ozone generator firm will not be able to offer this details. If they can assist, there will be an additional price for carrying out the researches.

Ozone Focus.

As noted above, ozone focus can affect both the effectiveness of ozone in an offered application and the amount of ozone that can be created from a given ozone generator. Basically, high concentration ozone sets you back more, yet can do a lot more in particular applications. Commercial corona discharge systems produce anywhere from 1 weight percent ozone to 12 weight percent ozone. Gas therapy applications typically use the 1-3 percent array while water treatment application usually utilize 5-10 percent.

An important element of ozone concentration remains in comparing different ozone generators. Makers make use of various bases for declaring the small outcome of an ozone generator. Generally, you need to review the fine print to see what concentration they utilize to claim a given production rate.

As an instance:.

Result (g/h) Concentration (%) Rate.

Vendor # 1 60 6 $5,500.

Supplier # 2 60 4 $3,800.

At similar concentrations the outcomes would certainly look different:.

Provider # 2 60 6 $6,000.

( g/h = grams/hour).

So, to rather contrast machines you require to know the quantity of ozone generated at a concentration of passion in addition to the expense of the generator. This will enable you to compare ozone generators “apples to apples”.

Ozone Generator Gas Feed.

Ozone generators can operate on numerous oxygen sources such dry air, focused oxygen or acquired oxygen as a feed gas. First, a short conversation of feed gases. Initially, ozone generators primarily worked with air as the feed gas. Air has around 20% oxygen and also just the oxygen can be converted to ozone. Using air as the feed gas, the maximum economic focus of ozone that can be acquired has to do with 3 weight percent.

Additionally, the air must be extremely dry since moisture lowers ozone outcome as well as will damage the ozone generator. To produce a practical focus of ozone, the air has to have a dry skin as measured by the humidity of concerning -100 degrees Fahrenheit. This means that in a million parts of air there is just one part water. This level of dry skin calls for special clothes dryers to eliminate the humidity. Refrigerated dryers discovered on some compressors can only get to about a dew point of -40 degrees Fahrenheit.

Using a feed gas with oxygen concentration higher than 90% permits the ozone concentration to enhance to the 5-10 percent range. In addition, ozone generators produce higher outcomes of ozone in regards to extra pounds per day or grams per hour using oxygen versus air.

Bought oxygen usually is extremely completely dry because of the manufacturing procedure utilized. It can be acquired as a pressed gas in cyndrical tubes or as a fluid. The quantity that can be saved as a pressed gas is much smaller sized than in fluid type. So, unless the ozone generator is being only used for short quantities of time, compressed gas is possibly not an excellent feed gas choice.

Liquid oxygen, in some cases described as LOX, can be provided in tiny containers or supplied in vehicle load quantities. It needs to be vaporized to the gas stage prior to use. It is one of the most cost-effective kind of oxygen if the oxygen manufacturing plant is not also away.

One more option is to concentrate oxygen from air in a process referred to as pressure swing absorption (PSA). In this procedure a product called a molecular sieve soaks up both water and nitrogen from air leaving generally oxygen in the gas stream. Oxygen concentrations of 90-95% are conveniently achieved. The procedure is carried out in both tiny scale along with big industrial systems. Small applications include portable oxygen systems for individuals that need supplemental oxygen for breathing.

So, in recap the main feed gases for ozone are dry air, PSA oxygen or liquid oxygen. Some ozone generators can run on all 3 feed gas, yet this is not constantly the case. Some ozone generator distributors make their systems to run either on air or some type of greater concentration oxygen. It is very important to recognize this in advance given that it might not be possible to change once the unit is purchased. The key point here is that if you want greater focus, you need to utilize oxygen feed gas system with a generator designed to use this gas.

Ozone Generator Cooling.

All ozone generators create warm as an outcome of the ozone production procedure. The generator has to be kept cool because as the gas temperature boosts the ozone will certainly damage down back into oxygen making the procedure inefficient. Ozone generator makers provide their ozone result and concentration information based upon a details operating temperature, normally 68-72 degrees Fahrenheit.

Every level above the stated temperature level lead to a reduction of manufacturing. For example, for each degree increase in temperature the price of ozone production decreases by 0.6% in some systems. So, if the device was meant to operate at 72 degrees and it is actually run at 82 degrees the production would be minimized by 6%. Some generators shut themselves down totally at specific temperature levels to avoid damage. So cooling down is a crucial problem for the generator.

There are 2 usual air conditioning techniques, air laboratory ozone generator cooling with followers and water air conditioning. Air cooling is much less reliable as well as minimizes the dimension of the ozone generator that can be built. In general, ozone generation of over 10 extra pound daily can not be readily performed with air cooled down ozone systems.

Water cooled systems been available in several variations. Closed loophole systems use a water chiller to cool the water as well as cycle it continually with the ozone generator. Water commonly enters the ozone generator at around 60 degrees F and also leaves at 70 levels F.

Indirect air conditioning loops making use of ground water or various other water sources are likewise utilized. Below a heat exchanger has actually one side connected to the ozone generator with a recycling loop and beyond a when through circulation of water readily available at the site. Frequently the water temperature is higher than optimum and also a bigger generator needs to be bought to make up for the loss of manufacturing.

The option of the sort of water air conditioning as well as making use of a refrigerator is based upon a design study to stabilize the price of the raised generator size with the price of cooling the water.

Recap.

To sum up the key points:.

1. Define the application meticulously to determine the amount and also focus of ozone needed. If you do not understand the appropriate amount of ozone needed contract with a qualified laboratory or engineering company to accomplish the required researches.

2. See to it to compare ozone manufacturing of various ozone generators at the same ozone focus to obtain a reasonable contrast of cost.

3. For applications requiring higher than 5 percent ozone, oxygen will be needed for the feed gas. This will be regular for a lot of water therapy applications.

4. For applications needing lower concentrations of ozone, less than 3 percent, completely dry air is most likely one of the most affordable remedy. These would generally be applications for air treatment, such as odor control or control of air birthed microorganisms.

5. For applications of much less than 10 extra pounds each day (less than 190 g/h) air cooled systems may be appropriate, but over this degree water cooled systems will likely be much more economical.